ID: Class: 12Subject: MathTopic: Application of DerivativeType: Long
Question:
Prove that the function \( f \) given by
\(
f(x) = \log \cos x
\)
is strictly decreasing on \( \left(0, \dfrac{\pi}{2} \right) \) and strictly increasing on \( \left( \dfrac{\pi}{2}, \pi \right) \).
Official Solution
Explanation:
We are given:
\[
f(x) = \log \cos x
\]
Differentiate with respect to \( x \):
\[
f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx} \left( \log \cos x \right) = \frac{1}{\cos x} \cdot (-\sin x) = -\tan x
\]
Now analyze the sign of \( f'(x) = -\tan x \) in the given intervals:
\[\] In \( \left(0, \dfrac{\pi}{2} \right) \),
\( \tan x > 0 \Rightarrow -\tan x < 0 \Rightarrow f'(x) < 0 \)
\( \Rightarrow f \) is strictly decreasing on \( \left(0, \dfrac{\pi}{2} \right) \).
\[\] In \( \left( \dfrac{\pi}{2}, \pi \right) \),
\( \tan x < 0 \Rightarrow -\tan x > 0 \Rightarrow f'(x) > 0 \)
\( \Rightarrow f \) is strictly increasing on \( \left( \dfrac{\pi}{2}, \pi \right) \).
\[\]
\(\textbf{Conclusion:}\)
\[
f(x) = \log \cos x \text{ is strictly decreasing on } \left(0, \dfrac{\pi}{2} \right) \text{ and strictly increasing on } \left( \dfrac{\pi}{2}, \pi \right).
\]
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